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- <text id=90TT1073>
- <title>
- Apr. 30, 1990: The "Boys" Step Into Line
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Apr. 30, 1990 Vietnam 15 Years Later
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 47
- CENTRAL AMERICA
- "The Boys" Step into Line
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>On the eve of her inauguration, Chamorro brokers a cease-fire
- between the contras and the Sandinistas--but will it stick?
- </p>
- <p> For eight years, the Honduran town of Yamales served as the
- nerve center for the Nicaraguan contras in their war against
- the Sandinista government in Managua. So it was appropriate
- that Yamales was the site last week for a ceremony attended by
- hundreds of rebels that marked the dismantling of the contra
- base camps. Abel Ignasio Cespedes, known to his insurgent
- troops as Comandante Ciro, turned over a battered West German
- G-3 automatic rifle to a representative of Violeta Barrios de
- Chamorro, who will be inaugurated as Nicaragua's President this
- week. The weapon was then handed to Major General Agustin
- Quesada Gomez, commander of a United Nations peacekeeping
- force, who passed it on to be cut apart with a blowtorch. In
- all, 365 weapons were surrendered and destroyed. "Today," said
- Quesada Gomez, "the problem of the resistance in Honduras
- ends."
- </p>
- <p> The larger question is whether the contra problem will now
- end in Nicaragua. On paper the prospects seem promising. Last
- week a determined Chamorro successfully prodded Sandinista and
- contra representatives into signing agreements that established
- an immediate cease-fire and committed the contras to a total
- demobilization by June 10. But those agreements may prove as
- misleading as the ceremony in Yamales, where only wounded or
- ailing contras turned over their weaponry. Perhaps 12,000 of
- their hale colleagues slipped back into Nicaragua after
- Chamorro's upset electoral victory on Feb. 25. Top contra
- commanders, most of whom were not on hand last week to sign the
- cease-fire agreement, maintain that they will not order their
- troops to lay down weapons until the 70,000 members of
- Nicaragua's Sandinista People's Army do the same.
- </p>
- <p> Early last week there were disturbing signs that the
- cease-fire might never come to pass. In one of his final acts
- as Nicaragua's President, Daniel Ortega Saavedra demanded that
- the contras disarm before Chamorro's inauguration this week and
- suggested that failure to cooperate might jeopardize the
- peaceful transfer of power. Asked if the inauguration would
- take place as scheduled, he answered, "We are studying that. We
- are very close to peace and very close to war." The contra
- contingent that arrived in Managua the next day for cease-fire
- negotiations fanned the tension by vowing to avoid disarmament
- until the Sandinista army was disbanded.
- </p>
- <p> The impasse posed an immediate challenge to the mediating
- skills of President-elect Chamorro. Like a firm mother who
- knows how to bring squabbling children into line, she called
- representatives of the two sides to her home, starting with the
- contras, who had supported her presidential campaign. Two hours
- later Chamorro announced, "The boys are ready to sign an
- agreement."
- </p>
- <p> Next she invited Ortega. At the end of their 90-minute
- discussion, the Sandinista leader stood beside Chamorro on her
- doorstep and announced, "I want to make it clear that on April
- 25 there will be a transfer of power." As a bonus concession,
- Ortega also announced that visa requirements for Americans
- seeking to enter Nicaragua had been lifted. Then the past and
- future Presidents hugged.
- </p>
- <p> That afternoon cease-fire negotiations between Sandinistas
- and contras began. The bargainers worked through the night, and
- at 4:30 a.m. they signed their agreement. The turning point in
- the negotiation was a face-saving arrangement put forward by
- Chamorro's representatives whereby the contras signed a
- demobilization agreement with the incoming government--not
- with the Sandinistas.
- </p>
- <p> Chamorro demonstrated diplomatic agility with the
- Sandinistas as well. In negotiating the transfer of power, the
- outgoing government's paramount concern was maintaining the
- integrity of the Sandinista army, considered to be the
- guarantor of Nicaragua's revolutionary progress. Chamorro
- worked out an agreement whereby the army will not be disbanded,
- but her government can reduce its size and determine how it can
- be used. She faced down demands that Defense Minister Humberto
- Ortega Saavedra, Daniel's brother, keep his post as army
- commander.
- </p>
- <p> As she takes the oath of office, the new President will
- doubtless be hailed enthusiastically by most Nicaraguans--at
- least for a while. Sick of war, citizens want their government
- to turn to the bread-and-butter issues that are the bane of all
- Nicaraguan existence. The magnitude of the task of rebuilding
- the shattered country makes Chamorro's advisers optimistic that
- the cease-fire will hold. Says Gilberto Cuadra, president of
- the Superior Council of Private Enterprise: "Neither the army
- nor the contras have a future in this country." But cease-fires
- have been called before in Nicaragua--and have failed.
- Chamorro must still make this one stick.
- </p>
- <p>By Jill Smolowe. Reported by Jan Howard/Managua and Wilson
- Ring/Yamales.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-